What does Preamble of Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 do?

This bill proposes to amend chapter 111 of title 28, United States Code. The stated purpose is to increase transparency and oversight of third-party funding by foreign persons. The bill also aims to prohibit third-party funding by foreign states and sovereign wealth funds.

What does SHORT TITLE. of Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 do?

This bill is formally titled Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025.

What does TRANSPARENCY AND LIMITATIONS ON FOREIGN THIRD-PARTY LITIGATION of Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 do?

This section amends Chapter 111 of Title 28, United States Code, by adding Section 1660, concerning transparency and limitations on foreign third-party litigation funding. It defines 'foreign person,' excluding foreign states and sovereign wealth funds, and provides definitions for 'foreign state' and 'sovereign wealth fund.' Parties or their counsel in civil actions must disclose information regarding foreign persons, states, or funds with a contingent right to payment based on the outcome of the action. This disclosure includes the name, address, and citizenship/incorporation of the foreign entity. Agreements creating contingent rights must be produced to the court, and parties must certify whether the funding source is foreign. Disclosures and certifications must be made within 30 days of an agreement's execution or the filing of the civil action. It prohibits foreign states and sovereign wealth funds from entering into agreements creating contingent payment rights in civil actions. Violating this prohibition renders agreements null and void. Failure to disclose, supplement, or correct information is subject to sanctions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

What does REPORT TO CONGRESS. of Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 do?

This section requires the Attorney General to submit an annual report to the Senate and House Judiciary Committees. The report must detail activities involving foreign third-party litigation funding in federal courts. The report should include the identities of foreign third-party litigation funders, including names, addresses, and citizenship. It must also identify foreign persons, states, or sovereign wealth funds providing funding. The report needs to specify the judicial districts where this funding has occurred. An estimate of the total foreign-sourced money used for litigation funding, broken down by country, is required. The report should summarize the subject matters of civil actions funded by foreign sources.

What does APPLICABILITY. of Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 do?

This section outlines the applicability of the Act's amendments. The amendments apply to civil actions pending on the date of enactment. The amendments also apply to civil actions commenced on or after the date of enactment.

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Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025

Last updated: 11/18/2025 · Introduced: 11/18/2025

Author: John Kennedy (R-LA)

TL;DR (AI)

This bill mandates disclosure of foreign entities with a financial stake in civil actions, requiring parties to identify funders and provide related agreements to the court.
The bill prohibits foreign states and sovereign wealth funds from providing contingent funding for civil litigation in U.S. courts.
It requires the Attorney General to annually report to Congress on foreign third-party litigation funding activities, including funder identities, funding amounts, and the subject matter of funded cases.

119th Congressin committeeHR. 2675(In Committee)Official page

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Includes provisions on preamble, short title., and 3 more.

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