What does Preamble of Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025 do?

This bill aims to amend Title 18, United States Code. The proposed amendment establishes mandatory minimum penalties for economic and defense espionage. The espionage must be committed on behalf of foreign adversaries.

What does SHORT TITLE. of Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025 do?

This bill is formally titled the Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025.

What does ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE. of Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025 do?

This section amends Section 1831 of Title 18, United States Code, concerning economic espionage. It expands exceptions to penalties outlined in subsection (b) to also include subsection (c). It establishes special penalties for individuals who commit economic espionage to benefit a 'covered nation' as defined in section 4872 of Title 10. Individuals may face fines up to $5,000,000 and imprisonment of 10 to 20 years, with ineligibility for supervised release, depending on the severity of harm. Organizations committing similar offenses may be fined up to $20,000,000 or five times the value of the stolen trade secret. An offense is considered to result in 'severe harm' if it involves the transmission of nonpublic information related to critical infrastructure, as defined in the USA PATRIOT Act, and poses a significant threat of incapacitation or destruction.

What does GATHERING, TRANSMITTING OR LOSING DEFENSE INFORMATION. of Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025 do?

This section amends Section 793 of Title 18, United States Code. The amendment modifies the penalties for violations of Section 793. If a violation is committed to advance the interests of a 'covered nation' (as defined in section 4872 of title 10), the penalties are increased to a minimum of 15 years imprisonment and potentially life imprisonment, along with a fine.

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Foreign Adversary Federal Offense Act of 2025

Last updated: 6/23/2025 · Introduced: 6/23/2025

Author: Pat Harrigan (R-NC)

TL;DR (AI)

This bill establishes mandatory minimum penalties, including potential life imprisonment and substantial fines, for economic and defense espionage committed on behalf of foreign adversaries.
It increases penalties for economic espionage offenses, particularly those causing 'severe harm' related to critical infrastructure, with fines up to $20 million for organizations.
The bill modifies penalties for gathering, transmitting, or losing defense information, increasing minimum imprisonment to 15 years when done to benefit a 'covered nation'.

119th Congressin committeeOfficial page

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Other Sections

Includes provisions on preamble, short title., and 2 more.

4 sections

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